KEY TAKE AWAY POINTS:
Typically with 2 "heads", one as sender (transmitter), one as receiver
The distance is calculated by looking at how much the delay of hearing the reflected sound
Measure distance in cm/inch
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TM019: Ultrasonic sensor HC-SR04 is the most typical model used by hobby projects. This sensor works with 5V voltage supply, normally it integrates with Arduino board easily, but not directly working with Micro:bit, a voltage level convertor is needed. TM015: Kitronik :MOVE Motor for Micro:bit also uses this sensor.