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In electronics, a signal is carried by electromagnetic or electrical current, often represented by a time-varying Voltage that is carrying information.
2 types of signals: Analog and Digital signals.
Represents continuous values. At any given time it represents a value within a continuous range. Produce a smooth and continuous curve, no discrete value changes.
Often used to represent changes in natural light, sound, temperature, position, pressure, or other physical phenomena.
Represents data as a sequence of discrete values. At any given time it can only take on at the most one of a finite number of values.
Used in all digital electronics, including computing equipment and data transmission devices. Typical case in computer is simply only 2 values.
Programming
A range of integer numbers
0, 1, 2, 3, ... 254, 255
0, 1, 2, 3, ... 1022, 1023
Physics
Voltage in any values
ADC converts analog voltage input to a limited range of numbers. Resolutions
8 bits: 0-255
10 bits: 0-1023
Analog input and output pins are predefined, no need to specify INPUT/OUTPUT by pinMode()
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